A PLC Splitter, short for Planar Lightwave Circuit Splitter, is a crucial passive optical device widely used in fiber - optic networks. Here is a detailed introduction:
Working Principle: It operates based on the principle of wave - guiding. Using a waveguide fabricated on a silica glass substrate, it divides the incoming light into multiple output paths according to its configuration (such as 1×N or 2×N). The "planar" means the waveguide is made on a flat surface, similar to semiconductor manufacturing techniques, which enables precise control of the waveguide's dimensions and properties, achieving accurate splitting ratios. This process is passive, requiring no external power.
Main Components: It consists of an input fiber that carries the incoming light signal, a PLC chip which is the core containing the waveguide, a waveguide on the chip that guides and splits the light, output fibers that transmit the split light signals, a housing for mechanical protection and environmental isolation, and optional connectors for easy connection to other devices.
Key Features: It features small size, which is beneficial for space - saving installation. With low insertion loss and low polarization - dependent loss, it can maintain good signal integrity. It has a wide operating wavelength range, usually from 1260nm to 1650nm, and can work stably in the temperature range of - 40℃ to + 85℃. Moreover, it has good channel - to - channel uniformity, high reliability and stability, which can meet the needs of various optical network applications.
Common Types: There are various types, such as 1×2, 1×4, 1×8, 1×16, 1×32, 1×64 and 2×N series. Different types are suitable for different numbers of output requirements, providing flexible choices for network construction.
Application Scenarios: It is widely used in PON networks to realize optical signal power splitting. It is also commonly used in FTTH networks, local area networks, cable TV systems, and various test equipment, playing an important role in signal distribution and connection in optical communication systems.
